Rifle Fundamentals: Breath and Hold Control

by
posted on January 8, 2018
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
three_position_part_one-7a.jpg

In the previous installment of our Rifle Fundamentals series, we reviewed the basics of aiming. This article focuses on breath and hold control when shooting.

Breath Control
You may have already discovered that you cannot keep the sights aligned on the target unless you stop breathing. As long as you breathe your body and rifle will continue to move. You must control your breathing to hold the rifle steady.

Normal breathing cycle
Normal breathing cycle.


The best way to control your breath while shooting is to breathe normally while you pick up the rifle, put it in your shoulder and begin to point it at the target. When you are pointing the front sight at the aiming bull, exhale and stop breathing. Do not breathe until after the shot is fired. You should not stop breathing longer than eight to 10 seconds.

Breath control while firing the shot requires practice. The normal breathing cycle must be interrupted while the shot is being fired. Learning how to do this in the supported position we covered previously is a good idea.

Hold Control
You probably also have noticed that you cannot hold the rifle perfectly still while you aim at the target, even with proper breath control. The truth is that no shooter, even an Olympic champion, can hold a rifle completely still, or have a sight picture that is always perfect.

Shooters call the movements they see in their sight picture hold movements or hold. The effort to control these movements is called hold control.

Size of hold movements
Size of hold movements while firing a shot.


The sight picture movement you see is your hold. The size of the hold movement shows how well you are controlling your hold. Your task is to hold the rifle as still as possible.

Hold control is achieved by turning your attention to the inside of your body. Let your body relax. Hold it as still as possible. Think, concentrate on holding your body as still as you can.

Breath and hold control are done together
Notice the period of best hold. This is when the trigger is pulled.


Breath and hold control are done together. Learn to recognize your period of steadiest hold, because that is the time when you should pull the trigger. Additionally, keep yourself focused mentally.

In our next Rifle Fundamentals article we’ll cover trigger control.

Latest

Usaclaytarget Impactrep2025 1
Usaclaytarget Impactrep2025 1

USA Clay Target League Shatters Records With More Than 55,000 Student-Athletes in 2025

USA Clay Target League announces 55,832 student-athletes participated in its programs in 2025, marking a 31st straight record-breaking season.

Glock’s New Gen6 Handgun Lineup Redefines Familiar Territory

Glock’s new Gen6 pistols bring refined ergonomics, deeper slide serrations, a flat-faced trigger and a redesigned optic-ready system to the G17, G19 and G45.

New: Beretta 92X Performance Carry Optic Dark Series

Beretta’s 92X Performance Carry Optic Dark Series updates a competition favorite with fresh colors, optics support and refined match-grade upgrades.

Competitors’ Corner: December 2025

Shooting Sports USA ends its monthly digital magazine; in-depth gear reviews, expert features and match coverage continue online and via newsletter.

Marksmen and Milestones: The National Matches 1930–1939

The National Matches in the 1930s elevated marksmanship, blending military, police and civilian prowess to shape America’s pre-World War II shooting legacy.

Review: Federal Master Class Sporting Clays Shotshells

Federal’s Master Class shotshells deliver solid patterns and competition-ready consistency at a price that undercuts premium target loads.

Interests



Get the best of Shooting Sports USA delivered to your inbox.