How Are Rimfire Cartridges Made?

by
posted on September 2, 2017
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
rimfire.jpg
Above: ELEY's contact .22 LR subsonic ammo. This particular round uses 42-grain round nose bullets at 1090 fps.

Rimfire cartridge cases are the oldest self-contained cartridge in existence, having been in continuous production since the mid-1850s. These cases are cheap and easy to manufacture and provide customers with a low-cost, reliable round. 

Rimfire cases are drawn from a thin piece of brass and formed with a hollow rim. A priming compound is then forced into the case using centrifugal force, where it is charged with powder and a bullet is seated in the mouth of the case. The case is then crimped around the bullet to ensure sufficient push and pull when the round is fired. When the firing pin strikes the thin brass rim of the case, the hollow rim is crushed and the primer is ignited.

Initially, rimfire ammo was made using black powder. Smith & Wesson’s original .22 used four grains of black powder. The .22 Long upped that to five grains, and the .22 Extra Long used six. Nowadays, there are even kits available for reloading .22 LR. New disciplines, such as the ELEY Practical Rimfire Challenge, are gaining in popularity alongside traditional Smallbore Rifle competition.

The rimfire cartridge has also been used extensively for self-defense, mostly because of the convenience factor.

We've listed below some of our favorite rimfire cartridge articles from across the NRA Publications network:

Latest

Guide 2026 Biathlon Milan 8
Guide 2026 Biathlon Milan 8

Where Endurance Meets Precision: Olympic Biathlon at Milan Cortina 2026

Olympic biathlon merges rifle precision and endurance, where missed shots reshape races and Milan Cortina 2026 sets the stage for the sport’s ultimate test.

Milan Cortina 2026: Deedra Irwin Chasing Team USA’s First Olympic Biathlon Medal

Deedra Irwin enters Milan Cortina 2026 as one of Team USA’s top hopes for its first Olympic biathlon medal.

Review: TriStar Arms KR22 Rimfire

TriStar Arms enters the rimfire market with the KR22, a budget-friendly .22 LR rifle offering 10/22 magazine compatibility and modern features.

Best Of SHOT Show 2026: Top Shotguns

SHOT Show 2026 highlighted the latest shotguns, from over/unders for competition to field-ready semi-automatics with adjustable stocks and enhanced handling features.

NRA America’s Rifle Challenge Stages Put Practical AR Skills on Display at NRA World Shooting Championship

ARC Level One and Two-Gun stages at the 2025 NRA World Shooting Championship highlighted practical AR skills, competitive efficiency and the program’s nationwide training mission.

New: Stoeger STR-9 Thinline+

Stoeger’s STR-9 Thinline+ keeps a one-inch profile while adding a ported barrel, optic support and 19+1-round capacity.

Interests



Get the best of Shooting Sports USA delivered to your inbox.